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• Key Features

  • Focuses on core material and how the body maintains homeostasis to remain healthy, emphasizing the important principles that will aid in later clinical decision making
  • Contains new information on physiology and the gut microbiome and clinically important sex differences in physiology lab values
  • Presents information in short chapters using a concise, readable voice that facilitates learning and retention
  • Utilizes two font sizes: a larger font for fundamentals, and a smaller font that highlights relevant integrated sciences, clinical examples, pathophysiology, or detailed mechanisms that students can read as needed
  • Contains more than 1,200 full-color drawings and diagrams—all carefully crafted to make physiology easier to understand
  • Includes online access to heart sounds, animations, self-assessment questions, and more
  • An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text and figures, with the ability to search, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud

• Contents

  UNIT I Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
  CHAPTER 1 Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”
  Cells Are the Living Units of the Body
  Extracellular Fluid—The “Internal Environment”
  Homeostasis—Maintenance of a Stable Internal Environment
  Control Systems of the Body
  Physiological Variability
  CHAPTER 2 The Cell and Its Functions
  Organization of the Cell
  Cell Structure
  Functional Systems of the Cell
  Locomotion of Cells
  CHAPTER 3 Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction
  Cell Nucleus Genes Control Protein Synthesis
  Transcription—Transfer of Cell Nucleus DNA Code to Cytoplasm RNA Code
  Translation—Formation of Proteins on the Ribosomes
  Protein Enzymes Control Synthesis of Other Substances in the Cell
  Regulation of Gene Function and Biochemical Activity in Cells
  The DNA–Genetic System Controls Cell Reproduction
  Cell Differentiation
  Apoptosis—Programmed Cell Death
  Cancer
  UNIT II Membrane Physiology, Nerve, and Muscle
  CHAPTER 4 Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
  The Cell Membrane Is a Lipid Bilayer With Cell Membrane Transport Proteins
  Diffusion
  Active Transport of Substances Through Membranes
  CHAPTER 5 Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials
  Basic Physics of Membrane Potentials
  Resting Membrane Potential of Neurons
  Neuron Action Potential
  Propagation of the Action Potential
  Importance of Energy Metabolism for Reestablishing Sodium and Potassium Ionic Gradients After Action Potentials Are Completed
  Plateau in Some Action Potentials
  Rhythmicity of Some Excitable Tissues—Repetitive Discharge
  Special Characteristics of Signal Transmission in Nerve Trunks
  Excitation—The Process of Eliciting the Action Potential
  CHAPTER 6 Contraction of Skeletal Muscle
  Physiological Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle
  General Mechanism of Muscle Contraction
  Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction
  Energetics of Muscle Contraction
  Characteristics of Whole Muscle Contraction
  CHAPTER 7 Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling
  Neuromuscular Junction and Transmission of Impulses From Nerve Endings to Skeletal Muscle Fibers
  Muscle Action Potential
  Excitation-Contraction Coupling
  CHAPTER 8 Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle
  Contraction of Smooth Muscle
  Regulation of Contraction By Calcium Ions
  Nervous and Hormonal Control of Smooth Muscle Contraction
  UNIT III The Heart
  CHAPTER 9 Cardiac Muscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves
  Cardiac Muscle Physiology
  The Cardiac Cycle
  Regulation of Heart Pumping
  CHAPTER 10 Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart
  Specialized Excitatory and Conductive System of the Heart
  Control of Excitation and Conduction in the Heart
  CHAPTER 11 Fundamentals of Electrocardiography
  Waveforms of the Normal Electrocardiogram
  Flow of Current Around the Heart During the Cardiac Cycle
  Electrocardiographic Leads
  CHAPTER 12 Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis
  Vectorial Analysis of Electrocardiograms
  Vectorial Analysis of the Normal Electrocardiogram
  Mean Electrical Axis of the Ventricular QRS and Its Significance
  Conditions That Cause Abnormal Voltages of the QRS Complex
  Prolonged and Bizarre Patterns of the QRS Complex
  Current of Injury on the Electrocardiogram
  Abnormalities in the T Wave
  CHAPTER 13 Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation
  Abnormal Sinus Rhythms
  Heart Block Within the Intracardiac Conduction Pathways
  Premature Contractions
  Paroxysmal Tachycardia
  Ventricular Fibrillation
  Atrial Fibrillation
  Atrial Flutter
  Cardiac Arrest
  UNIT IV The Circulation
  CHAPTER 14 Overview of the Circulation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
  Physical Characteristics of the Circulation
  Basic Principles of Circulatory Function
  Interrelationships of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
  CHAPTER 15 Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
  Vascular Distensibility
  Arterial Pressure Pulsations
  Veins and Their Functions
  CHAPTER 16 The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Lymph Flow
  Structure of the Microcirculation and Capillary System
  Vasomotion Causes Intermittent Capillary Blood Flow
  Exchange of Substances Between the Blood and Interstitial Fluid
  Interstitium and Interstitial Fluid
  Fluid Filtration Across Capillaries
  Lymphatic System
  CHAPTER 17 Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow
  Local Blood Flow Is Controlled in Response to Tissue Needs
  Mechanisms of Local Blood Flow Control
  Humoral Control of the Circulation
  CHAPTER 18 Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure
  Nervous Regulation of the Circulation
  Special Features of Nervous Control of Arterial Pressure
  CHAPTER 19 Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation
  Renal–Body Fluid System for Arterial Pressure Control
  Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Arterial Pressure Control
  Summary of Integrated Multifaceted Systems for Arterial Pressure Regulation
  CHAPTER 20 Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
  Normal Values for Cardiac Output at Rest and During Activity
  Control of Cardiac Output By Venous Return—Frank-Starling Mechanism of the Heart
  Methods for Measuring Cardiac Output
  CHAPTER 21 Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; The Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease
  Blood Flow Regulation in Skeletal Muscle at Rest and During Exercise
  Coronary Circulation
  CHAPTER 22 Heart Failure
  Circulatory Dynamics in Heart Failure
  Unilateral Left Heart Failure
  Low-Output Cardiac Failure—Cardiogenic Shock
  Edema in Patients With Heart Failure
  Cardiac Reserve
  Quantitative Graphic Analysis of Cardiac Failure
  Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
  High-Output Heart Failure
  CHAPTER 23 Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects
  Heart Sounds
  Abnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Valvular Heart Disease
  Abnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Congenit